Exhaust manifold for internal combustion engines



Oct. 27, 1931. E. R GODWARD 1,828,774

EXHAUST MANIFOLD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed June 6, 1929INVENTOR. Er es 6; Zwarab BY 2- 7 ATTORNEY.

"Patented Oct. 27,1931 7 Y .ERNES'r aeonwann, orwnwyoax, a; Y

v ExHAns'r ANIFOLD r012; riirERuAncoivmUsrIoN ENGINES j hpilicationrfiled June a, 192s. ScriaINo. 368,745.

. This invention relates, provements in exhaust manifoldsfor internalcombustion engines. p v 3;"

The invention has for its principal object 5 to provide a novel form andconstruction of manifold having 'angularly pitched branches leading fromthe engine cylinder exhaust ports, which branches are also laterallyinclined in the direction ofexhaust gas move 'ment so as tomake'juncture witha common or conduit in a sweeplng I tailed descrlptlonof the same.

discharge passage stream-line effect. By reason of the novel angularpitch and ofthe stream-line inclination of the'branches of the manifoldF relative to the common discharge passage into which they lead,the'speed of the movement of outgoing gases is greatly increased with"the result thatthe scavenging of the engine combustion chambers is more=completely and rapidly attained andheat and freegcarbon is'rapidlycarrie away from the valves, whereby the latter sufier less riskofcarbon accumulations; at the same time, back pressure is reducedto anappreciable-extent attained. Another advantage of the novel manifoldstructureis that-it prevents the outgoing exhaust gas from giving upitsh'eat until some distance away from the valves,

while due to the enlarging section of the main passageof the manifoldtoward its out let, the gas sweeping thereinto and therethrough issuddenlyexpand'ed with consequent heat loss by reason of suchexpansion.

his latter effect assures a cooler exhaust pipe with consequentreduction of'firehazard when theengine is used for automotive or-"generally, to ll11-.

.Whereby a considerable increase in power is Referringto the character 5indlcates an engine block having 'SIXCylIHdGI'S, VlZ, 6, v r

two sections A and B.

structure comprises -passages, but also having means for couplin thesame in communication so that when the outlet passage of one manifoldis'closed by a suitable valvemeans, the exhaust gases dischargedtherethrough may be led to join the exhaust gases of the other manifoldfor de-.

liveryf therewith to the vaporizer device, all

as hereinafter more particularly set forth.

Other objects of this invention, notat this timemoreparticularly;enumerated, will be clearly understood from thefollowingde- An'illustr'ative embodimentof this invention is shown inthe accompanying drawings, ina which i 'Figurel is a top or plan view ofan engine block showing the. novel manifold structure "connectedtherewith, andialso connected .with a-vaporizer device in accordancewlth the principles of this invention; Figure 2 is a front elevation ofthe manifold structure,

with parts shown'insection; Figure 3 is a "transverse section, on anenlarged scale, taken on line 331n'F1gure 1;and F lgure 4 is anothertransverse section, also on an enlarged scale, taken on line 41- 4 inFigure 1.

*Similar characters of reference, are employed in the above describedviews, to indi cate corresponding parts. v a i f drawings, the reference7,8,9,1O and 11. The novel manifold structure is arranged nected withthe engine; block 5- so as to serve cylinder'sfi, 7 and 8, whilemanifoldB is connected with the engine block 5 so as to serve cylinders 9,10 andllr 1 I 1 Manifold A comprisesrthe branches1 2, 13 V and 14, each havingflanges or ears 15 for bolting to the engine block 5, so as to registerrespectively with the exhaust ports of cylinders 6,'7-.and 8. Saidbranches 12, 13 and 14, are formed with-an angular pitch curving fromhorizontal plane, and in the form shown to ,an ascendingangular plane,preferably of approximately forty-five degrees,

where they mutually join; and communicate with common discharge Iconduit 16. It will be understood that the said branches Manifold AisCOH- ital "' block with which I inders*"9,-10 and 11.

could be arranged in a descending angular plane if desired. The branches12, 13 and 1i are also laterally inclined from left to right so as toeliminate abrupt angles or turns, whereby the same join the commondischarge conduit 16 with a stream-line effect in the direction oftheoutward movement ofrexhaust gas therethnoug-h- In manifold Aas shown,the degree of lateral inclination of the several branches varies, thebranch 12 having the greatest angular sweepand the'br anch ll the leastangular sweep. I In this. respect ,.however, the structure is subject tomore or less change according to the design .of ..-engine the manifoldis to be used. The common discharge conduitjld'temninates inan-.,-out=rlet:portion .17.,avhich, they-form shown the drawings,. isdownwardly adirected..:and outwardly ofiset' at a point tapproximatelyopposite-the branch 14, whereby, 1 normally, exhaustgasdischargedthroughthe latter sweeps directly through'tl-ie end ofthe discharge conduitilfiand thence into the outlet. portion 17. "An exhaust pipe 18 .toheledaway from the .engineotoa desired venting point is coupled. with said:outlet tportionil7. In the passage'provided by theoutlet portion andadjoining. exhaust pipe 18 isarranged a shutoff valve 19, -preferably inthe form of a butterly valve, as shown. This valve-may be --manipulatedto open or close the outlet portion 17, as may. be desired. 'Arranged incommunication with the lip-turned top-side'of the common dischargerenduit 16, so as. to xprovi dean outgoing p assa go 120 which mergesavith the passages "ofsaid conduit 16, is .asecondary dischargeconduitf21, having atits mouth a suitable flange 22. The purpose of thissecondary discharge condu'itl2lwi'll presently appear.

Manifold Bv comprises the branches 123, 24: and 25, each having flangesor ears-.26 for bolting to the engine block?) so as to registerrespectively with the e'xhau'st ports of: cyl- Sai-d branches 23, 24:and 25 are formed {Wl han angular pitch curving -for-m horizontal pla'ne, =-and in. the "form shown to an ascending angular plane,

also preferably of approXimately'forty-five degrees,- where they;mutually join and com- "munica-te with a common discharge conduit '27.It will likewise be understood that-said branches could be arranged in-adescending angular plane if (lesired. Said branchesi23, 24 and25are alsolaterally inclined from left to right so as to eliminate abrupt anglesor turns whereby the -s a:me join thecommon discharge conduit 27 with astream-line ef- "fect in the direction 'of the outward movementofexhaustgas-therethrough. The com- -rnon discharge condu'it'27 terminates an(mt-let: portion 28,- which, in thef-orrn shown in the drawings,- is rearward ly and laterally d i rec te d beyond the: adj acent' end of ltheengine bl-ock Formed contiguous to the upcharge conduit. 32,. having. berespectivelybolted to the flanges 22 and .30 of said 'condui -potrfiimay be .outlet .end. .--chamber of the vaporizer 34L is indicated mix--and between the; intake ,36 and let p'ortion .28 of manifold :13,whereby" 16X- haust, gases discharged from the engine cyl-zrl .i-ndersmay :be ledto the heating chamber of thevaporizer; poti l, to be thencedischarged ito -any desired venting point.

1 only a .partof- .the ,exhaust 1 gas cheat is 2 required atthevaporizer pot. B the novel arrangement B, the: exhaustrgasl from all theengine cyl- -.inders ymay he I delivered to the vaporizer enginecylinders 9,. 10; and

' rect outlet;- portion 1 17 i 32 and through turned top side of thecommon discharge conduit 27 is a secondary discharge conduit 29, havingat its rearward open end a flange 30. The interior of this secondarydischarge conduit 29 is separated from the adjacent discharge conduit 27by the top side wall 31 of the latter, butits forward endopens intocommunication with-.said outlet portion 28 thereof, of which it forms areceiving branch.

The opposed ends of the secondary disconduit '21-of manifold A andsecondary discharge conduit 29 of manifold 13 are'joine'd together'by acoupling pipe or flanges 33 at its ends to ts 21 and29, whereby saidvmanifolds.AandQB maybe bothj-oined for the delivery of theeexhaust-vgasof 'Vall'the engine cylindersthrough the outlet portion 28 :whenit is sodesired. I In Figural ,I have illustrated an exhausted heated vaporizerpotfil, which. is coupled to the fuel mixture intake manifold .35 lead-.ingto the engine cylinders. This vaporizer chamber is. proviled. havingan intake and The .intake rendof the heating the instant-case at 36-andthe outletend thereof :atfl37. An exhaust pipe 38 is .coupled. to

theout- In the operation of the vaporizer pot 34,

it-is-often desirable to utilize the availahle' heat of the exhaust gasdischarged from. all while at (other times may" be debe used underconditions where less of the engine cylinders,

siredto.

of manifolds A and pot,a 0r,.w at wilhvonly theiexhaust gas from case,the aval e 19 ,is-closedto shut off the diiof manifold A, whereupon theexhaust gas discharged frorn-en- ;agg-inexcylinders :9, lO-and 111.: isdiverted from said direct outlet; portion 17, and is caused t flow.OLltj-thP-OLl gh secorr= a-ry discharge condu1t;{21,aand; thence throughcoupling p pe -=se.oondary discharge con- :duit. 29 ofananrtold rBinto.the outlet 1 po ltions28of: the latter :to join the stream of ex-"haustgas 1 discharged from engine cylinders i2, 13 and 11,manifold'iBy-whenee the combined vebo'th manifolds and 1B. .aisxdirectedthrough the "pipe -38; for 'deliverylthrongh the heating 3 to w passtherethrough from loutputhf {of ,thety-pe shown and .de-:--scribedindlnited States Patent #1586509, dated @ct-oberv9th,:1-928, inwhich a. heating 11. 1 In the former:-

' difference whether the same is embodied in V v I a second manifoldmember connected in combranches leading from the chamber of thevaporizer pot 34. When it at the vaporizer cib'ustion engines,comprising branches to conis desired to utilize less heat pot 34, thevalve 19 direct Venting of gine cylinders 9,

and 14 pass to the vaporizer pot 34.

In its broader aspects, the invention is independent of the divisionalform of the manifold structure as related to the furnishing of exhaustgas as a heating medium for a vaporizer pot; and from the broadstandpoint the invention relates to the arrange ment and form of exhaustmanifold having ports which are pitched angularly up or down as the casemay be, and laterally inclined to provide a smooth streamlineconjunction with a common discharge passage. As to such basicconstruction it makes no a two part manifold or a single unitarymanifold serving all the engine cylinders, and furthermore, these novelfeatures of manifold construction may be embodied in a structure adaptedto serve an internal combustion engine regardless of the number ofcylinders possessed by the latter. It has been found that the angularpitch or inclination of the manifold branches arranged to lead into anoff-set common discharge conduit operates to accelerate the exhaust gasmovement and more rapidly scavenge the cylinders when the exhaust valvesopen, while at the same time more effectively sweeping away free carbon;furthermore, the exhaust gas is initially moved a greater distance awayfrom the valves before giving up its heat; the accelerated movement ofthe gas, the resultant more effective scavenging of the cylinders, andthe natural sweeping outlet path afforded by the streamline arrangementof branches and discharge conduit all tend to reduce back pressure to aY marked degree; thus effectively increasing the power factors of theengine.

In addition to the basic structural features above referred to andapplicable to manifolds generally, the invention in its more specificaspects, includes the divisional or two-part form of manifold structurewhereby the exhaust gas output of the engine may be used in whole or inpart as a heating medium for various It will be understood that manychanges could be made in the above described construction and manyapparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be madewithout departing from the scope thereof, consequently it is intendedthat all matter contained in the above description or shown in theaccompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in alimiting sense.

is opened to permit the gases discharged from en.- 10 and 11, so thatonly the c exhaust gas from engine cylinders 12, 13

engine exhaust vmanifold structure arranged to deliver. the gasesheating :medium in fuel treating apparatus serving theengine, comprisinga'manifold "member connected: in communication with manifold member alsotiOn'proVid'edwith a manipulatable valve for opening or closing the Isame, said manifold .members each having secondary dischargeacommunication,

purposes, all as hereinafter a?Whatisclaimed isz--a .15 la An exhaust?manifold for. internal comnectrespectivelyv with the enginecylinderexhaust ports, a common'dlscharge condu1t communicating Qwith the'outerends of said branches, said branches being pitched towardsaid-dischargeconduit atancangle and also laterally inclined in thedirectionof the outlet from saiddischargeconduit so that the "passagesof sai'dsbranchesand conduit merge wvith streamline effect, and saidconduit havingan' internal capacity in excess-of that of :theseveralbranches; K i

2. An internal combustion engine exhaust dischargedtherethrough for useas a certain of the engine-cylinder exhaust ports,

said first manifeld member v I I treating apparatus to conduct exhaustgas thereto, said second having an outlet porconduits, f

and said secondary conduit thereof, all whereby when" the outlet portionof said secondmanifold'member is closed the gasdischarged therefrom mayflow through said secondary-discharge conduits to join the gasdischargedfrom said first manifold member. i i i V 3 :3.s.A'n internalcombustion engine exhaust manifold structure arranged to deliver thegases-discharged therethrough for use as a heating; medium in fueltreating apparatus serving the engine, comprising a, manifold memberconnected in communication with certain-of the engine cylinder exhaustports, a -s'e'con'd manifold member connected incommunication withothersofthe engine cylinder exhaust. ports, each manifold membercomprising branches to connect with engine cylinder exhaust ports, saidbranches being angularly inclined outwardly from said exhaust ports,each manifold having a common discharge conduit which the outer ends ofthe branches thereof communicate, said first manifold member having anoutlet portion leading from its discharge conduit adapted for directconnection with the fuel treating apparatus to conduct exhaust gasthereto, said second manifold member also having an outlet portionleading from its discharge conduit provided with a manipulatable valvefor opening or closing the same, said first manim'eanssfor connectingthe latter in fold having a seconda-iy' discharge conduit independent.of: the \main :discharge. conduit thereof-but communicatingwithz.ihe",. outlet portion leading from the latter; sai-dzz-secondmanifold having a secondaryudischargezconduit in communication. with the-lmain.discharge conduit thereof, and means:- fomcon- .ne'cting saidsecondary-discharge-ac'onduits'in communication.

4. fAn internal combustion enginerexhaust manifold structure. arranged;tOifdBliVGl'? the gases discharged .there'through; for use was a heatingmedi-um in :fuel treating; apparatus serving the engine, compr'isingzamanifold 1 3 .member 1 connected in; .communication with "certain :ofthe engine cylinder exhaust ports, secondary manifold. smemberconnected.in communicati on-with other of the engine cylinder exhaust. ports,-each' manifold member at comprisingbranches to conneetawith'enginecylinden exhaust ports, said branchesbeing inclined upwardly-wandoutwardly? from said exhaust ports, each manifold having a com-.monxdisoharge conduit with which the'onter LT: ends: ofithebranches:thereofwc'ommunicate, the branches :ofaeach'manifoldimembembeing "also laterally inclined :in the *dinectionof theoutlets of the discharge conduits :so that the passagesof said branchesand 'conduitsxm'erge an with.:sti'eamlineneifect, said. first" manifold.ememben having an outlet 1 portion leading from its discharge conduit.adapted for direct connection with the: zfueltreating apparatus toconduct exhaust gas: thereto, said" second 3o manifoldmemberalso'zhavingaan out-let portion leadingsfrom. its discharge conduitprovided with a manipulatablevvalve-zfor opening or. closing lithe-same;said. first. manifold having :a secondary. disohargew-conduit: inde- 40pendent of the .main'discharge conduit thereof but communicating withthe outlet portion 1 leading from: the latter,- said :second"manifold1having..a secondary discharge conduit in communication-.w-iththe :mainJdisGhMge con- Qdait thereof, and means -:-.f0rconnecting. said secondary discharge conduits in communica- *tion.

In testimony; that'fI claim the invention set fovthabove I have hereuntoset my hand this ERNEST. TR. GODWARD.

